Gestión Hospitalaria en Tiempos de COVID-19: Una Revisión Histórica
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70577/r61j4z93Palabras clave:
Gestión hospitalaria, Pandemias, Organización hospitalaria, Administración de salud públicaResumen
La pandemia de COVID-19 representó un desafío sin precedentes para los sistemas hospitalarios a nivel mundial. Este estudio analiza las estrategias de gestión hospitalaria implementadas durante la crisis sanitaria, con énfasis en la resiliencia organizacional, asignación de recursos y competencias de liderazgo. Se llevó a cabo una revisión narrativa de 21 artículos científicos indexados en bases de datos especializadas, publicados entre 2020 y 2024. Los hallazgos revelan que los hospitales aplicaron el marco de las "4S" (staff, stuff, space, systems) con resultados heterogéneos. Las capacidades dinámicas y la resiliencia organizacional demostraron ser factores más determinantes que la capacidad convencional de respuesta ante emergencias. El liderazgo adaptativo, la comunicación transparente y la toma de decisiones flexible constituyeron competencias esenciales. Las instituciones de salud enfrentaron limitaciones críticas de recursos, agotamiento del personal sanitario y el dilema de atender simultáneamente a pacientes COVID-19 mientras mantenían otros servicios asistenciales. La preparación hospitalaria futura requiere liderazgo adaptativo, sistemas de comunicación robustos y mecanismos efectivos de coordinación regional.
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Derechos de autor 2025 Jesus Enrique Reyes Acevedo, Ronal Atilio Arevalo Montalvan, Roberto Alejandro Pacheco Robles, Yuli Novak Ormeño Torres, María Elena Tello Macahuachi (Autor/a)
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